In our daily life, there are many instances when we notice a substance being separated from a mixture of materials.
For example - Tea leaves are separated from the liquid with a strainer, while preparing tea.
So, there are various ways to separate the materials or substances.
Simple methods of separating substances that are mixed together.
Handpicking
Handpicking can be used for separating slightly larger sized impurities like the pieces of dirt, stone, and husk from wheat, rice or pulses.
Remove with your hand the pieces of stone, husks and other grains from it. This method is known as handpicking.
Handpicking can be used for separating slightly larger sized impurities like the pieces of dirt, stone, and husk from wheat, rice or pulses.
Threshing The process that is used to separate grain from stalks is known as threshing. In this process, the stalks are beaten to free the grain seeds
Machines are also used to thresh large quantities of grain.
Winnowing Method of separating components of a mixture is called winnowing. Winnowing is used to separate heavier and lighter components of a mixture by wind or by blowing air.
Sieving In a flour mill, impurities like husk and stones are removed from wheat before grinding it. Usually, a bagful of wheat is poured on a slanting sieve. The sieving removes pieces of stones, stalk and husk that may still remain with wheat after threshing and winnowing.
Sedimentation, Decantation and Filtration- When the heavier component in a mixture settles after water is added to it, the process is called sedimentation. When the water (along with the dust) is removed, the process is called decantation and the Filtration is the method of separating tea leaves from prepared tea.
Evaporation The process of conversion of water into its vapors is called evaporation.
When sea water is allowed to stand in shallow pits, water gets heated by sunlight and slowly turns into water vapors, through evaporation.
Use of more than one method of separation-
The process of conversion of water vapors into its liquid form is called condensation.
When the steam comes in contact with the metal plate cooled with ice, it condenses and forms liquid water. The water drops that you observed falling from the plate were due to condensation of steam. The process of conversion of water vapors into its liquid form is called condensation.
Can water dissolve any amount of a substance?
When no more salt can be dissolved in the amount of water we have taken. The solution is now said to be saturated.